Introduction to Linux and UNIX ( History and basic)

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Really thanks to you for your interest in this topics. :)

Hello !! Hope that all are going well. Lets start a new topic, Linux. Aha !! its interesting. Today in this post we’ll learn the basic and introduction to Linux and UNIX. So lets start.

Introduction to Linux and UNIX ( History and basic)

At first “UNIX” was developed in BELL LAB at 1969. And it was developed by Dennis Ritchie. The interesting part is that, it was developed based on “C” Language.

Now lets come to the information about UNIX distribution. Some of them are:

IBM –>> AIX

HP —->>HPUX

SUN ->> SUN Solaris

UNIX –>> BSD

 

Now lets come to the year by year development of UNIX:

Year	Activities
1969	UNIX was developed, major contribution was Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie
1971	First edition of Unix was released on 11-03-1971
1983	At & T is splitted
1983	FSF, means Free Software Foundation was established
1983	The GNU project was announced by Richard Stallman

• Please note that GNU is not the UNIX.

Now lets discuss some about the GNU:

GNU is program free for all and also it is developed mainly having four freedom. These are:

• According to your wish you will have the freedom to run the program, for any purpose or for your purpose.
• According to your freedom you can change the program and also you can study, how the program works.
• Suppose that, you want to help your neighbor, classmates or friends with this software, that means you can have the freedom of redistribution of this software.
• Also you have the freedom to redistribute the modified copies among your classmates, neighbors or friend circles.

Well, the freedom is necessary, because, one can be benefited from your change of the software. In a word, the whole community, which are using the software, will be benefited.

 

Now I’m going to describe about the UNIX and its history and advantages of FSF. This part is mainly focused on LINUX. So lets start.

First lets have a look at the history:

Year	Activity
1986	HP-UX 1.0 was released
1987	Sun was introduced
1987	Minix was released
1991	Linux was introduced by Linus Torvalds, Finland
1994	Red Hat Linux was introduced
1994	Caldera Inc was founded
2001	Red Hat Linux Enterprise
2004	On October 20, Ubuntu was released

 

Yes !! we have seen that already Linux and Red hat developed and Ubuntu is released.

Now lets come to the small description about kernel. Have you any idea about kernel?

If yes, then it is ok, but if not, then don’t worry, I’ll describe you.

KERNEL is like a glue between the hardware and software.

If we have a close look at its works, then we’ll have a clear concept about it.

The main activities are:

>> Hardware management

>> Also the process management.

>> As hardware is related to driver, so driver management is also the activities of kernel

>> Also, memory management is included the activities of kernel.

Now come to the distributions of Linux:

>> Red Hat (Commercial) and enterprise support.

>> Fedora

>> CentOS

 

>> Scientific Linux

>> Oracle Linux

 

>> Ubuntu

>> Debian

>> Mint

>> Backtrack

 

>> OpenSUSE

>> Mandrake

>> Open BSD

>> Free BSD

>> Android

 

Well, so we have studied about the types of Linux distributions.

So these Operating systems are mainly for:

>> Desktop

>> Server

>> IBM PowerPC

>> Super Computer

>> LiveOS/cloud version

 

The Operating system has mainly two types of architecture. These are

>> 32 bit, which is marked as x86 or i86

>> 64 bit, which is marked as x86_64

Thats all for today. Hope that you have enjoyed. And many many thanks for you valuable time in this site.